Basic Operations for Oracle Solaris 1. Administrationby Ginny Henningsen. This article gives examples of common administrative tasks in Oracle Solaris 1. It excerpts example commands from a collection of general administration tasks in the "Oracle Solaris 1. Administrator's Cheat Sheet" written by Joerg Moellenkamp, Senior Account Architect for Oracle.
Published November 2. Oracle Solaris 1.
A key design goal for the release was to simplify administration, allowing IT organizations to maintain systems and application stacks more easily and with less cost. To give system administrators a quick reference for managing Oracle Solaris 1. Joerg Moellenkamp, a Senior Account Architect for Oracle, put together a list of general administrative commands in the "Oracle Solaris 1. Administrator's Cheat Sheet." This article excerpts examples from that cheat sheet and introduces concepts related to Oracle Solaris 1. The cheat sheet and this article summarize commands related to these Oracle Solaris 1. Performing automated installations. Configuring systems and system services.
Solaris Zpool Cache Files
Solaris Zpool Cache File Chapter
Managing users and groups. Using Boot Environments (BEs)Using the Image Packaging System (IPS) for software package management.
Performing basic ZFS administration. Managing disk devices. Configuring Oracle Solaris Zones. Using the Service Management Facility (SMF)Configuring networking, including basic configuration tasks, automated administration, and advanced tasks. Automated Installations.
Oracle Solaris 1. Automated Installer (AI) that checks and resolves software package dependencies, provides greater provisioning flexibility, and performs hands- free installations on SPARC and x. AI takes advantage of network- based software package repositories to streamline the installation of multiple client types.
Isaac Rozenfeld, a Principle Product Manager in the Oracle Solaris group, wrote a separate Oracle Solaris 1. AI commands called "Installation and Deployment Administration." This article and Joerg's cheat sheet reproduce some command examples from Isaac's cheat sheet. To perform automated installations, you must first set up an Oracle Solaris 1. AI server and define one or more installation services. Installation services include AI boot images as well as installation manifests and system configuration profiles. You can specify installation manifests and profiles that match certain client criteria to enable customized installations. For a client system to be installed automatically, it must be able to access the AI server, a DHCP server (which can be the same machine as the AI server), and an Oracle Solaris 1.
Oracle release repository or a local software repository). DHCP is used to identify the client initially, but it is possible to use AI without having a DHCP infrastructure in place. On the AI server, you can use the installadm command to create, list, and configure installation services, along with any client- matching criteria. The create- service subcommand defines an installation service, as in the following sample command, which creates a service using a downloaded ISO file and defines x. DHCP clients starting at address 1.
The list subcommand lists all defined installation services, as in this example. Service Name Alias Of Status Arch Image Path. Sparc /export/images/solsparc. Sparc /export/images/solsparc. By using the - m and - p options, respectively, with the list subcommand you can list installation manifests or system configuration profiles associated with installation services. AI manifests are stored in XML and are easily customized.
ZFS is a combined file system and logical volume manager designed by Sun Microsystems. The features of ZFS include protection against data corruption, support for. This book is intended for anyone responsible for setting up and administering Oracle ZFS file systems. Topics are described for both SPARC and x86 based systems. One more question about memory on Solaris 10. A top shows me that I have 672 MB free memory : 130 processes: 126 sleeping, 2 zombie, 2 on cpu CPU states: 95.1% idle. Here are some notes on creating a basic ZFS file system on Linux, using ZFS on Linux. I'm documenting the scenario where I just want to create a file system that can.
Basic Operations for Oracle Solaris 11 Administration. by Ginny Henningsen. This article gives examples of common administrative tasks in Oracle Solaris 11.
The first command below exports the default installation manifest associated with the s. After editing the exported manifest file, the update- manifest subcommand updates the manifest associated with the service. System configuration profiles provide the ability to fine- tune systems during hands- free installations. They complement manifests and typically contain specifications for post- installation (configuring system variables such as username, user password, time zone, host name, and IP address). System configuration profiles are processed by SMF after OS package installation when a client first boots. You can interactively create a system configuration profile and save it for subsequent installations.
System and Service Configuration. The Service Management Facility in Oracle Solaris 1. The svccfg and svcadm commands are used to configure and control system services, as in this sequence that configures a system's identity. This example configures a system's time zone. US/Mountain. # svcadm refresh timezone: default. To unconfigure a system and start an interactive configuration on reboot, enter the following. You can generate an XML file containing a system configuration profile.
The resulting profile can be used with AI or as input to a sysconfig command. Users and Groups. By default, Oracle Solaris 1.
Having root as a role enhances security since an individual user must first log in and assume the root role; thus every privileged action can be directly attributed to a named user and is logged accordingly. You can revert to the model where root is a normal user account by entering the following. K type=normal root. To configure root as a role instead, as in the default setting, enter this. K type=role root. To add a new user with a System Administrator profile, enter the following. P "System Administrator" joerg.
Boot Environments. Boot Environments (BEs) are bootable operating system images. Since creating a new BE takes advantage of the built- in Oracle Solaris 1. ZFS snapshot capabilities, you can generate a boot image clone almost instantly without using any additional disk space.
During a system update, only the changed blocks take up additional space.) Creating a BE enables a safe transition between software versions, since you can roll back to the previous software state if there's a problem. Oracle Solaris 1. BE in some cases (for example, system updates), but it's easy to force the creation of a BE using the beadm create command. Once the BE is created, you can activate it, causing it to be the active BE at the next reboot. To delete a BE, enter the following. To list BEs from the SPARC boot PROM, enter this. LTo boot into a certain BE from the SPARC boot PROM, use the - Z argument, specifying the BE name to the PROM boot command.
Z rpool/ROOT/solaris- 0. Software Packaging and Management.
Oracle Solaris 1. Image Packaging System (IPS). IPS installs and updates software packages from locally connected or remote repositories, automatically checking and resolving software dependencies. IPS also checks software versions in non- global zones for consistency with the global zone, simplifying software administration of Oracle Solaris Zones. Another cheat sheet, called the "Oracle Solaris 1.
Cheat Sheet for Image Packaging System," summarizes common commands used with IPS, including several examples that are included here. The primary administrative interface for IPS is the pkg command. For example, to install a package called diagnostic/wireshark, enter the following. Packages are sometimes grouped into related clusters. For example, on a workstation, you can install the solaris- desktop group of packages to provide a desktop environment.
IPS eliminates all patching. Instead, to update all installed packages to the newest versions, including packages in zones, enter this. To understand what packages might change without actually performing the update, use the - nv options. To uninstall a package, use the uninstall subcommand. To list all packages installed on a system, enter the following.
To get more information about an installed package, use the info subcommand. To list the contents of an installed package, use the contents subcommand.
To search packages in the configured repositories for a specific file, use the search subcommand. The following example searches for all packages installed locally on a system that have a dependency on library/libxml.
Software developers, including Oracle, publish their software in software package repositories. You can use the pkg publisher command to show the currently configured repositories. PUBLISHER TYPE STATUS URI. Oracle Solaris 1. Customers who have an active Oracle support agreement can change the default publisher to point to the Oracle Solaris 1. In the Oracle Technology Network article "How to Update Oracle Solaris 1.
Systems From Oracle Support Repositories," Glynn Foster steps through the process of downloading security certificates and keys and switching to the support repository. To then perform an update from the support repository, you would enter the following. G http: //pkg. oracle. File Systems—Basic ZFS Administration.
Initially deployed in Oracle Solaris 1. Oracle Solaris ZFS is the default root file system in Oracle Solaris 1. ZFS integrates volume management, provides high levels of data integrity (through checksumming and copy- on- write operations), and includes a wide variety of data services such as RAID protection, deduplication, and data encryption. The primary commands to configure, construct, and manage ZFS file systems are zpool and zfs. Devices can be physical disks or files. When you create a ZFS file system, you specify the type of data replication, such as a mirror (RAID- 1) or raidz. A RAID- Z device is similar to RAID- 5 but with atomic operations providing single- , double- , or triple- parity fault tolerance, which are specified as raidz, raidz.
Creating a ZFS storage pool automatically creates and mounts a new ZFS file system, as in the following example, which creates a ZFS pool with a single disk. To create a ZFS pool with three disks in RAID- 0 configuration, enter this. To create a ZFS pool with three disks in a RAID- 1 configuration or in a single- parity RAID- Z configuration, enter mirror or raidz as arguments, respectively. ZFS uses caching to accelerate disk operations. By applying a solid state disk as a separate ZFS Intent Log (ZIL), you can create an effective way to cache writes.